Prewired White

My husband and I worked all day at installing a ceiling fan with a light kit in our bedroom. We went to a Lowe's workshop before trying it. Their was no light/fan there previously, but it was prewired with a green wire, black wire, red wire, and white wire. We connected them on the fan with all the matching colors except the red went with the blue (lighting) wire on the fan.

We got everything set up, and NOTHING! Not one flicker of light or whirl of a fan. There is one switch in our bedroom that doesn't do anything, so we assumed it would be the switch. A foot above it is an empty plate that has wiring behind it, but no switch. Could this be for fan operation? Would we need an electrician to set that up for us? Would this switch not being operable cause the fan AND light not to work? Also, it seems to be prewired for a ceiling fan since it had two live wires, does that mean that it was set up to hold the weight of a fan? How can I tell? Thanks for any information!